How to make botable pendrive

V

 Making a bootable USB drive involves preparing the USB stick so that it can be used to install or run an operating system. Here are the steps to create a bootable USB drive:

### Windows

#### Using Rufus:

1. **Download Rufus**: Go to the Rufus website and download the latest version.

2. **Insert USB Drive**: Plug your USB drive into your computer.

3. **Open Rufus**: Run the Rufus executable you downloaded.

4. **Select USB Drive**: In the Rufus interface, your USB drive should be detected. If not, select it manually from the "Device" dropdown.

5. **Select Bootable Image**: Click on the "SELECT" button next to "Boot selection" and choose the ISO file of the operating system you want to make bootable (e.g., Windows, Linux).

6. **Partition Scheme**: Choose the appropriate partition scheme (MBR for BIOS or UEFI, GPT for UEFI). Rufus will often detect the correct scheme based on the ISO.

7. **File System**: Select the file system (usually FAT32 or NTFS).

8. **Start**: Click the "START" button. Rufus will warn you that all data on the USB drive will be destroyed. Confirm to proceed.

9. **Wait**: Rufus will create the bootable USB drive. This may take several minutes.

10. **Done**: Once the process is complete, close Rufus and safely eject your USB drive.

#### Using Command Prompt:

1. **Open Command Prompt as Administrator**: Right-click on the Start button and select "Command Prompt (Admin)" or "Windows PowerShell (Admin)".

2. **Diskpart**: Type `diskpart` and press Enter.

3. **List Disks**: Type `list disk` and press Enter to see a list of available disks. Identify your USB drive by its size.

4. **Select Disk**: Type `select disk X` (replace X with the number of your USB drive) and press Enter.

5. **Clean Disk**: Type `clean` and press Enter to remove all partitions and data.

6. **Create Partition**: Type `create partition primary` and press Enter.

7. **Select Partition**: Type `select partition 1` and press Enter.

8. **Format Partition**: Type `format fs=fat32 quick` and press Enter (you can use `ntfs` if needed).

9. **Assign Letter**: Type `assign` and press Enter.

10. **Exit Diskpart**: Type `exit` and press Enter.

11. **Copy Files**: Mount the ISO file of the operating system and copy its contents to the USB drive.

### macOS

1. **Download the ISO**: Download the ISO file of the operating system you want to make bootable.

2. **Insert USB Drive**: Plug your USB drive into your Mac.

3. **Open Terminal**: Open Terminal from Applications > Utilities.

4. **Convert ISO to IMG**: Convert the ISO file to IMG using the `hdiutil` command:

   ```bash

   hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o /path/to/output.img /path/to/input.iso

   ```

5. **Unmount USB Drive**: Unmount the USB drive using `diskutil`:

   ```bash

   diskutil list

   diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskX

   ```

   Replace `/dev/diskX` with the correct identifier for your USB drive.

6. **Write IMG to USB**: Use `dd` to write the IMG file to the USB drive:

   sudo dd if=/path/to/output.img of=/dev/rdiskX bs=1m

   Replace `/dev/rdiskX` with the correct identifier.

7. **Wait**: The `dd` command will take some time to complete. Once done, eject the USB drive.

### Linux

1. **Download the ISO**: Download the ISO file of the operating system you want to make bootable.

2. **Insert USB Drive**: Plug your USB drive into your computer.

3. **Open Terminal**: Open a terminal window.

4. **List Disks**: Use the `lsblk` command to identify your USB drive:

   lsblk

5. **Unmount USB Drive**: Unmount any mounted partitions on the USB drive:

   sudo umount /dev/sdX1

   Replace `/dev/sdX1` with the correct identifier.

6. **Write ISO to USB**: Use `dd` to write the ISO file to the USB drive:

   sudo dd if=/path/to/input.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress

   Replace `/dev/sdX` with the correct identifier.

7. **Wait**: The `dd` command will take some time to complete. Once done, eject the USB drive.

After completing these steps, your USB drive should be bootable. You can use it to install or run the operating system on your computer.

(note : the blue color of lines are command prompt please use properly)